Ayat 13
وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهٖ وَالْمَلٰۤىِٕكَةُ مِنْ خِيْفَتِهٖۚ وَيُرْسِلُ الصَّوَاعِقَ فَيُصِيْبُ بِهَا مَنْ يَّشَاۤءُ وَهُمْ يُجَادِلُوْنَ فِى اللّٰهِ ۚوَهُوَ شَدِيْدُ الْمِحَالِۗ ١٣
English Sahih Internasional
13. And the thunder exalts [Allah] with praise of Him - and the angels [as well] from fear of Him - and He sends thunderbolts and strikes therewith whom He wills while they dispute about Allah; and He is severe in assault.
Asbab Al-Nuzul
(He launcheth the thunderbolts and smiteth with them whom He will…) [13:13]. Nasr ibn Abi Nasr al-Wa'iz informed us> Abu Sa'id 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Nusayr> Muhammad ibn Ayyub al-Razi> 'Abd alWahhab> 'Ali ibn Abi Sarah al-Shaybani> Thabit> Anas ibn Malik who reported that once the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, sent a man to one of the Arab tyrants, saying: “Go and tell him to come and see me”. He said: “O Messenger of Allah, he is too haughty to comply”. He said: “Go and tell him to come and see me”. The man went and said to him: “The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, asks you to come and see him”. The man retorted: “What is Allah? Is He made of gold, silver or copper?” The man went back and informed the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, saying: “I told you that he is too haughty to comply”. He said: “Go to him a second time and ask him to come and see me”. He went and the man repeated exactly what he said in the previous occasion. The Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, asked the man to go and call him a third time, and the man repeated what he said in the two previous occasions. The man said: “As he was talking to me, Allah sent above his head a cloud which thundered and a bolt of lightning struck him and removed his skull”. Allah, exalted is He, then revealed (He launcheth the thunderbolts and smiteth with them whom He will while they dispute (in doubt) concerning Allah, and He is mighty in wrath). According to the reports of Abu Salih, Ibn Jurayj and Ibn Zayd, Ibn 'Abbas said: “This verse and the verse before it were revealed about 'Amir ibn alTufayl and Arbad ibn Rabi'ah. These two men went to see the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and, as they were coming, one of the prophetic Companions said: 'O Messenger of Allah, here is 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl coming toward you'. He said: 'Leave him, Allah will guide him if He wants good for him'. He proceeded along until he stood in front of the Prophet and said: 'O Muhammad, what do I get if I become Muslim?' He said: 'You get what the Muslims get and you suffer what they suffer'. He said: 'In that case put me in charge after you die'. He said: 'No, that is not up to me; that is up to Allah, exalted is He, and He appoints whoever He wills'. He said: 'In that case, put me in charge of the Arab nomads and you will be in charge of the settlers'. The Prophet said: 'No!' He said: 'What are you going to give me, then?' He said: 'I will give you the reins of horses to use in military conquest'. He said: 'Do I not have them already?' This man had told Arbad ibn Rabi'ah, that once he started talking to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, he should go behind the Prophet and strike him with his sword. Arbad pulled out his sword about a span but Allah, exalted is He, jammed it and he could not pull it out completely. When 'Amir started gesturing to Arbad, The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, turned back and saw Arbad handling his sword. He prayed: 'O Allah, deal with them for me as You will'. Allah, exalted is He, sent on Arbad a thunderbolt, on a sunny day, and burned him. 'Amir ran away, saying: 'O Muhammad, you called your Lord and He killed Arbad. By Allah, I will fill the land against you with unsaddled horses and unbearded youths'. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said: 'Allah, exalted is He, will stop you from doing that, as will the Aws and the Khazraj'. 'Amir then spent the night in the house of a woman from Banu Salul. In the morning, he collected his weapons and left saying: 'By the Lat and al-'Uzza, would Muhammad and his companion (meaning the angel of death) show themselves to me, I will stab them with my spear'. When Allah, exalted is He, saw how he behaved, He sent him an angel who hit him with his wing and thrust him on the dust. A huge gland, resembling a camel's gland, straightaway appeared on each of his knees. He returned to the house of the woman from Banu Salul, saying: 'A gland like a camel's gland, and dying in the house of the woman from Banu Salul', and he died on the back of his horse. Allah, exalted is He, revealed about him this (Alike of you is he who hideth the saying and he who noiseth it abroad) [13:10] up to His saying (The prayer of disbelievers goeth (far) astray) [13:14]”.
Ayat 30
كَذٰلِكَ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ فِيْٓ اُمَّةٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهَآ اُمَمٌ لِّتَتْلُوَا۟ عَلَيْهِمُ الَّذِيْٓ اَوْحَيْنَآ اِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ يَكْفُرُوْنَ بِالرَّحْمٰنِۗ قُلْ هُوَ رَبِّيْ لَآ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَۚ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَاِلَيْهِ مَتَابِ ٣٠
English Sahih Internasional
30. Thus have We sent you to a community before which [other] communities have passed on so you might recite to them that which We revealed to you, while they disbelieve in the Most Merciful. Say, "He is my Lord; there is no deity except Him. Upon Him I rely, and to Him is my return."
Asbab Al-Nuzul
(… while they are disbelievers in the Beneficent…) [13:30]. The commentators of the Qur’an said: “This verse was revealed at the treaty of Hudaybiyyah when they were about to write the document of the treaty. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to ‘Ali: ‘Write in the Name of Allah, the Beneficent (al-Rahman), the Merciful’. Sahl ibn ‘Amr and the idolaters said: ‘We do not know anyone by the name of the beneficent (al-Rahman) except the ruler of al-Yamamah’, meaning Musaylimah the liar, ‘rather, write: in Your Name, O Allah!’ This is how the people of the pre-Islamic period used to write. And so Allah, exalted is He, revealed about them this verse”. Said ibn ‘Abbas, according to the report of al-Dahhak: “This was revealed about the unbelievers of Quraysh when the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to them (… Adore the Beneficent! They say; And what is the Beneficent? Are we to adore whatever thou (Muhammad) biddest us?) [25:60], and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse. He said (Say) to them, the Beneficent Whom you deny (He is my Lord; there is no god save Him…)”.
Ayat 31
وَلَوْ اَنَّ قُرْاٰنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ اَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الْاَرْضُ اَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتٰىۗ بَلْ لِّلّٰهِ الْاَمْرُ جَمِيْعًاۗ اَفَلَمْ يَا۟يْـَٔسِ الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْٓا اَنْ لَّوْ يَشَاۤءُ اللّٰهُ لَهَدَى النَّاسَ جَمِيْعًاۗ وَلَا يَزَالُ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا تُصِيْبُهُمْ بِمَا صَنَعُوْا قَارِعَةٌ اَوْ تَحُلُّ قَرِيْبًا مِّنْ دَارِهِمْ حَتّٰى يَأْتِيَ وَعْدُ اللّٰهِ ۗاِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيْعَادَ ࣖ ٣١
English Sahih Internasional
31. And if there was any qur'an by which the mountains would be removed or the earth would be broken apart or the dead would be made to speak, [it would be this Qur'an], but to Allah belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that had Allah willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve do not cease to be struck, for what they have done, by calamity - or it will descend near their home - until there comes the promise of Allah. Indeed, Allah does not fail in [His] promise.
Asbab Al-Nuzul
(Had it been possible for a Lecture to cause the mountains to move…) [13:31]. Muhammad ibn 'Abd alRahman al-Nahwi informed me> Abu 'Amr Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Hiri> Abu Ya'la> Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Salamah al-Ansari> Khalaf ibn Tamim> 'Abd al-Jabbar ibn 'Umar al-Ayli> 'Abd Allah ibn 'Ata'> his grandmother Umm 'Ata', the client of al-Zubayr> al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam who said: “The Quraysh said to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace: 'You claim that you are a prophet who receives revelation, and that Solomon was given the gift of wind and mountains, Moses the sea and Jesus brought the dead back to life. Pray Allah to move for us these mountains, and cause rivers to spring out from this land so that we can use it as plantations, and eat from them. Alternately, pray that Allah brings our dead ancestors to life so that we speak with them; or pray that Allah turns this rock beneath you into gold so that we can do without the winter and summer trips. Don't you claim that you are like these prophets?' We were around him, when the revelation came to him. After he regained his normal composure, he said: 'By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, He has given me all what you have asked, and if I wished it will all happen. However, He has made me choose between the gate of mercy, such that your believers will come to believe or to leave you to what you have chosen for yourselves such that you go astray from the gate of mercy, and your believers will not believe. I have chosen the gate of mercy and that your believers will come to believe. Allah also informed me that if He were to give what you asked for and you disbelieved after that, He would punish you with a chastisement the like of which He has never inflicted on anyone of His creation'. It was revealed (Naught hindreth Us from sending portents save that the folk of old denied them. And We gave Thamud the she-camel- a clear portent- but they did wrong in respect of her…) [17:59]. He read the next three verses and then the revelation came (Had it been possible for a Lecture to cause the mountains to move, or the earth to be torn asunder…)”.
Ayat 38
وَلَقَدْ اَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِّنْ قَبْلِكَ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ اَزْوَاجًا وَّذُرِّيَّةً ۗوَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُوْلٍ اَنْ يَّأْتِيَ بِاٰيَةٍ اِلَّا بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ۗلِكُلِّ اَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ ٣٨
English Sahih Internasional
38. And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of Allah. For every term is a decree.
Asbab Al-Nuzul
(And verily We sent messengers (to mankind) before thee, and We appointed for them wives and offspring…) [13:38]. Said al-Kalbi: “The Jews insulted the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, saying: ‘This man has no aspiration except for women and marriage. If he was really a prophet, as he claims to be, the matter of prophethood would have preoccupied him from women’, and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse”.